Advice On Dealing With Anger

B i s m i l l a a h i r R a h m a a n i r R a h e e m As`Salamu Alaykum Wa`Rahmatullahi Wa`Barkatuh

(May Peace & Blessings Be Upon You )

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Anger is one of the evil whispers of Shaytan, which leads to so many evils and tragedies, of which only Allah knows their full extent. For this reason Islam has a great deal to say about this bad characteristic, and the Prophet (saws) described cures for this “disease� and ways to limit its effects, among which are the following: (1) Seeking refuge with Allaah from the Shaytaan: Sulayman ibn Sard said: “I was sitting with the Prophet (saws), and two men were slandering one another. One of them was red in the face, and the veins on his neck were standing out. The Prophet (saws) said, I know a word which, if he were to say it, what he feels would go away. If he said “I seek refuge with Allaah from the Shaytan,� what he feels (i.e., his anger) would go away.’� (Reported by al-Bukhari, al-Fath, 6/337) The Prophet (saws) said: “If a man gets angry and says, I seek refuge with Allaah, his anger will go away.� (Saheeh al-Jaami‘ al-Sagheer, no. 695) (2) Keeping silent The Messenger of Allaah (saws) said: “If any of you becomes angry, let him keep silent.� (Reported by Imam Ahmad, al-Musnad, 1/329; see also Sahih al-Jaami, 693, 4027) This is because in most cases, the angry person loses self control and could utter words of kufr (from which we seek refuge with Allaah), or curses, or the word of divorce (talaaq) which would destroy his home, or words of slander which would bring him the enmity and hatred of others. So, in short, keeping silent is the solution which helps one to avoid all that. (3) Not moving The Messenger of Allaah (saws) said: “If any of you becomes angry and he is standing, let him sit down, so his anger will go away; if it does not go away, let him lie down.� Among the benefits of this advice given by the Prophet (saws) is the fact that it prevents the angry person from going out of control, because he could strike out and injure someone, or even kill - as we will find out shortly - or he could destroy possessions and so on. Sitting down makes it less likely that he will become overexcited, and lying down makes it even less likely that he will do something crazy or harmful. Al-Allaamah al-Khattaabi, may Allaah have mercy on him, said in his commentary on Aboo Daawood: “One who is standing is in a position to strike and destroy, while the one who is sitting is less likely to do that, and the one who is lying down can do neither. It is possible that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) told the angry person to sit down or lie down so that he would not do something that he would later regret.�(Sunan Abee Daawood, with Maaalim al-Sunan, 5/141) (4) Following the advice of the Prophet (saws): Abu Hurayrah, may Alalah be pleased with him, reported that a man said to the Prophet (saws), “Advise me.� He said, “Do not become angry.� The man repeated his request several times, and each time the Prophet (saws) told him, “Do not become angry.� (Reported by al-Bukhari, Fath al-Baaree, 10/456) According to another report, the man said: “I thought about what the Prophet (saws) said, and I realized that anger combines all kinds of evil.�(Musnad Ahmad, 5/373) (5) Do not become angry and Paradise will be yours (a saheeh hadeeth, see Saheeh al-Jaam, 7374. Ibn Hajr attributed it to al-Tabaraanee, see al-Fath 4/465): Remembering what Allaah has promised to the righteous (muttaqeen) who keep away from the causes of anger and struggle within themselves to control it, is one of the most effective ways of extinguishing the flames of anger. One of the ahaadeeth that describe the great reward for doing this is: “Whoever controls his anger at the time when he has the means to act upon it, Allaah will fill his heart with contentment on the Day of Resurrection.� (Reported by al-Tabaraanee, 12/453, see also Sahih al-Jaami‘, 6518) Another great reward is described in the Prophets (saws) words: “Whoever controls his anger at the time when he has the means to act upon it, Allaah will call him before all of mankind on the Day of Resurrection, and will let him choose of the Hoor al-‘Ayn whoever he wants.� (Reported by Aboo Daawood, 4777, and others. It is classified as hasan in Sahih al-Jaami‘, 6518). (6) Knowing the high status and advantages offered to those who control themselves: The Messenger of Allaah (saws) said: “The strong man is not the one who can overpower others (in wrestling); rather, the strong man is the one who controls himself when he gets angry.� (Reported by Ahmad, 2/236; the hadeeth is agreed upon) . The greater the anger, the higher the status of the one who controls himself. The Prophet (saws) said: “The strongest man is the one who, when he gets angry and his face reddens and his hackles rise, is able to defeat his anger.� (Reported by Imam Ahmad, 5/367, and classified as hasan in Saheeh al-Jaami‘, 3859) Anas reported that the Prophet (saws) passed by some people who were wrestling. He asked, “What is this?� They said: “So-and-so is the strongest, he can beat anybody.� The Prophet (saws) said, “Shall I not tell you who is even stronger then him? The man who, when he is mistreated by another, controls his anger, has defeated his own Shaytan and the Shaytan of the one who made him angry.�(Reported by al-Bazzaar, and Ibn Hajr said its isnaad is saheeh. Al-Fath, 10/519) (7) Following the Prophet’s (saws) example in the case of anger The Prophet (saws) is our leader and has set the highest example in this matter, as is recorded in a number of ahaadeeth. One of the most famous was reported by Anas, may Allaah be pleased with him, who said: “I was walking with the Messenger of Allaah (saws), and he was wearing a Najraanee cloak with a rough collar. A Bedouin came and seized him roughly by the edge of his cloak, and I saw the marks left on his neck by the collar. Then the Bedouin ordered him to give him some of the wealth of Allaah that he had. The Prophet (saws) turned to him and smiled, then ordered that he should be given something.� (Agreed upon. Fath al-Baaree, 10/375) Another way in which we can follow the example of the Prophet (saws) is by making our anger for the sake of Allah, when His rights are violated. This is the kind of anger which is praiseworthy. So the Prophet (saws) became angry when he was told about the imam who was putting people off the prayer by making it too long; when he saw a curtain with pictures of animate creatures in Aaishahs house; when Usaamah spoke to him about the Makhzoomee woman who had been convicted of theft, and he said “Do you seek to intervene concerning one of the punishments prescribed by Allah?�; when he was asked questions that he disliked, and so on. His anger was purely for the sake of Allaah. (8) Knowing that resisting anger is one of the signs of righteousness (taqwaa) The righteous (al-muttaqoon) are those praised by Allaah in the Quraan and by His Messenger (saws). Paradise as wide as heaven and earth has been prepared for them. One of their characteristics is that they (interpretation of the meaning) “spend (in Allaahs Cause) in prosperity and in adversity, [they] repress anger, and [they] pardon men; verily, Allaah loves al-muhsinoon (the good-doers).� [Aal Imraan 3:134] These are the ones whose good character and beautiful attributes and deeds Allaah has mentioned, and whom people admire and want to emulate. One of their characteristics is that (interpretation of the meaning) “. . . when they are angry, they forgive.� [al-Shooraa 42:47] (9) Listening to reminders: Anger is a part of human nature, and people vary in their anger. It may be difficult for a man not to get angry, but sincere people will remember Allaah when they are reminded, and they will not overstep the mark. Some examples follow: Ibn Abbaas (may Allaah be pleased with him) reported that a man sought permission to speak to Umar ibn al-Khattaab (may Allaah be pleased with him), then he said: “O son of al-Khattaab, you are not giving us much and you are not judging fairly between us.� Umar (may Allaah be pleased with him) was so angry that he was about to attack the man, but al-Hurr ibn Qays, who was one of those present, said: “O Ameer al-Mu’mineen, Allaah said to His Prophet (saws) (interpretation of the meaning): ‘Show forgiveness, enjoin what is good, and turn away from the foolish’ [al-Araaf 7:199]. This man is one of the foolish.� By Allaah, Umar could go no further after al-Hurr had recited this aayah to him, and he was a man who was careful to adhere to the Book of Allaah. (Reported by al-Bukhari, al-Fath, 4/304). This is how the Muslim should be. The evil munaafiq (hypocrite) was not like this when he was told the hadeeth of the Prophet (saws) and one of the Companions said to him, “Seek refuge with Allaah from the Shaytaan.� (10) Knowing the bad effects of anger The negative effects of anger are many; in short they cause damage to ones own self and to others. The angry person may utter words of slander and obscenity, he may attack others (physically) in an uncontrolled manner, even to the point of killing. The following story contains a valuable lesson: Ilqimah ibn Waail reported that his father (may Allaah be pleased with him) told him: “I was sitting with the Prophet (saws) when a man came to him leading another man by a rope. He said, O Messenger of Allaah, this man killed my brother. The Messenger of Allaah (saws) asked him, Did you kill him? He said, Yes, I killed him. He asked, How did you kill him? He said, He and I were hitting a tree to make the leaves fall, for animal feed, and he slandered me, so I struck him on the side of the head with an axe, and killed him.’ . . .� (Reported by Muslim, 1307, edited by al-Baaqi). Anger could lead to less than killing, such as wounding and breaking bones. If the one who caused the anger runs away, the angry person turns his anger in on himself, so he may tear his clothes, or strike his cheeks, or have a fit, or fall unconscious, or he may break dishes and plates, or break furniture. In the worst cases, anger results in social disasters and the breaking of family ties, i.e., divorce. Ask many of those who divorced their wives, and they will tell you: it was in a moment of anger. This divorce results in misery for the children, regret and frustration, a hard and difficult life, all as a result of anger. If they had remembered Allaah, come to their senses, restrained their anger and sought refuge with Allah, none of this would have happened. Going against the Shariah only results in loss.

The damage to health that results from anger can only be described by doctors, such as thrombosis, high blood pressure, tachycardia (abnormally rapid heartbeat) and hyperventilation (rapid, shallow breathing), which can lead to fatal heart attacks, diabetes, etc. We ask Allaah for good health. (11) The angry person should think about himself during moments of anger If the angry person could see himself in the mirror when he is angry, he would hate himself and the way he looks. If he could see the way he changes, and the way his body and limbs shake, how his eyes glare and how out of control and crazy his behaviour is, he would despise himself and be revolted by his own appearance. It is well-known that inner ugliness is even worse than outer ugliness; how happy the Shaytan must be when a person is in this state! We seek refuge with Allaah from the Shaytaan and from failure.